Toyota Tacoma 2015-2018 Service Manual: System Description
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
(a) The Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial data communication system for real time application. It is a vehicle multiplex communication system which has a high communication speed and the ability to detect malfunctions.
(b) Using the CANH and CANL bus lines as a pair, CAN communication is performed using a voltage differential. (A base voltage is applied to the pair of lines and a voltage differential is created when communicating.)
(c) Many ECUs or sensors installed to the vehicle operate by sharing information and communicating with each other.
(d) The V bus has a termination circuit with a resistor of 60 Ω, and the bus 2, bus 3, bus 5 and sub bus 1 each have termination circuits with two resistors of 120 Ω.
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS
(a) Main bus
(1) The main bus is a wire harness between the two terminating resistors on the bus. This is the main bus in the CAN communication system.
(b) Branch
(1) A branch is a wire harness which diverges from the main bus to an ECU or sensor.
(c) Terminating resistors
(1) Two resistors of 120 Ω are installed in parallel across the ends of the CAN main bus lines. They are called terminating resistors. These resistors allow the changes of the voltage differential between the CAN bus lines to be accurately judged. To allow proper function of CAN communication, it is necessary to have both terminating resistors installed. Since the two resistors are installed in parallel, this results in a measurement of approximately 60 Ω.
3. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
(a) The V bus has a termination circuit with a resistor of 60 Ω.
(b) The bus 2, bus 3 and bus 5 each have termination circuits with two resistors of 120 Ω.
4. TROUBLESHOOTING REMARKS
(a) DTCs for the CAN communication system can be checked using the Techstream. The DLC3 is connected to the CAN communication system, but no DTCs exist regarding problems in the DLC3 or the DLC3 branch lines. If there is a malfunction in the DLC3 or the DLC3 branch lines, ECUs on the CAN cannot output DTCs to the Techstream.
5. DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES FOR CAN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
HINT:
See Diagnosis System.
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6. HOW TO DISTINGUISH CONNECTOR OF CAN JUNCTION CONNECTOR
(a) In the CAN communication system, the shape of connectors connected to the CAN junction connector which has a ground terminal are the same. The connectors connected to the CAN junction connector can be distinguished by the colors of the bus lines and the connecting side of the junction connector.
HINT:
See Terminals of ECU for bus line color or the shape of connectors.
Click here
Problem Symptoms Table
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
HINT:
Use the table below to help determine the cause of problem symptoms.
If multiple suspected areas are listed, the potential causes of the symptoms
are lis ...
Utility
UTILITY
INITIALIZE THE CONNECTION INFORMATION OF A GATEWAY FUNCTION EQUIPPED ECU (BUS
MONITOR ECU)
(a) Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Turn the Techst ...
Other materials:
Diagnosis System
DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
1. DESCRIPTION
(a) The transponder key ECU assembly controls the engine immobiliser system.
The engine immobiliser system data and Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) can be read
through the vehicle Data Link Connector 3 (DLC3).
2. CHECK DLC3
(a) Check the DLC3 (See page ).
3. ...
Data List / Active Test
DATA LIST / ACTIVE TEST
1. DATA LIST
NOTICE:
In the table below, the values listed under "Normal Condition" are reference
values. Do not depend solely on these reference values when deciding whether a part
is faulty or not.
HINT:
Using the Techstream to read the Data List allows t ...
Removal
REMOVAL
CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT
HINT:
If the bumper is damaged, there is a possibility that the installation area of
the blind spot monitor sensor may be deformed and the blind spot monitor system
may not operate correctly, so visually inspect the blind spot monitor sensor installation
area ...